The IMF's Stand-by Arrangements and the Economic Downturn in Eastern Europe: The Cases of Hungary, Latvia, and Ukraine

This paper looks at three countries that have been hard-hit by the world economic recession, and have turned to the IMF for assistance: Hungary, Latvia, and Ukraine. In all of these countries, it would appear that there were more sensible responses to the crisis that would reduce the loss of employment and output, cuts in social services, and political instability that have resulted from the downturn. Instead, the governments' responses to the downturn as well as IMF conditions for assistance have caused additional harm

Honduras: Recent Economic Performance

This paper looks at the Honduran economy, including longer-term trends, the pre-crisis years, and recent developments since the June 28th coup. It finds that poverty and inequality decreased significantly during the Zelaya administration, with rapid growth of more than 6 percent during the first two years. The government also increased school enrollment significantly by abolishing school fees, expanded school lunch programs, and raised the minimum wage by 60 percent. Some expansionary monetary policy was used to counter-act the global downturn in 2008.The paper finds that more recently, the Honduran economy has become especially vulnerable to the combined impacts of the world recession and the political crisis that has followed the military coup of June 28, 2009

Epidemics and pandemics : Covid-19 and the ‘‘drop of honey effect’’

Purpose: The aim of this paper is the use of the “drop of honey effect” to explain the spread of Covid-19. Approach/Methodology/Design: After Covid-19 appearance in Wuhan, in the Chinese province of Hubei, by December, 2019, it spread all over the world. The World Health Organization declared it as pandemic in March 11, 2020. The infection is highly contagious and made thousands of deaths around the world. Timely decisions are key for the control of the dissemination. The “drop of honey effect” results as an important framework to explain the Covid-19 spread. Findings: An opportune decision in a very initial moment could have made all the difference in the virus spread. Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively for the understanding of the importance of well-timed decisions for governments, world organizations, academia, companies and people, each one on a different dimension’s level. Originality/Value: This study presents the “drop of honey effect” as an original and very suitable framework to explain the way how the virus spread all over the world after the virus in Wuhan began to infect people.peer-reviewe

Minimal Immersions of Kahler manifolds into Euclidean Spaces

It is proved here that a minimal isometric immersion of a Kähler-Einstein or homogeneous Kähler-manifold into an Euclidean space must be totally geodesic

Cognitive skills and the LOGSE reform in Spain: evidence from PIAAC

We use data from the Spanish sample of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies to analyze the effect of the LOGSE (Spanish acronym for General Law of the Education System) reform passed in 1990 on numeracy and literacy proficiency of the adult population. The LOGSE effect is identified by exploiting the variability of the rate of implementation among cohorts and regions. The results change depending on the specification of the econometric model and mainly on the type of birth year trend assumed. Nonetheless, overall results suggest that the LOGSE reform did not help to increase cognitive skills of the population despite an extension of compulsory years of education and postponement of the age of initial tracking into vocational and academic studies

Reducibility of complex submanifolds of the complex euclidean spaces

Let M be a simply connected complex submanifold of CN. We prove that M is irreducible, up a totally geodesic factor,if and only if the normal holonomy group acts irreducibly. This is an extrinsic analogue of the well-known De Rham decomposition theorem for a complex manifold. Our result is not valid in the real context, as it is shown by many counterexamples

Communication and comparative rephotography. Architectural evolution, the case of Fez and Grenade

Poder contar con la fotografía como medio de investigación y posteriormente para poder establecer la comunicación de los aspectos desarrollados en temas de arquitectura, patrimonio y urbanismo es un potencial importante en la preservación de la memoria e identidad de un pueblo. En este caso de temáticas sobre arquitectura y urbanismo, con mayor importancia porque ayuda a comprender en un primer nivel la evolución de la arquitectura en un contexto geográfico e histórico concreto, que en el caso que nos ocupa de la ciudad marroquí de Fez evidencia en un segundo nivel de análisis la reconstrucción ideológica que constituye una gran parte de imaginarios, reales o inventados, con el atrezzo que los recargos estéticos producen, de carácter acusadamente orientalistas. El caso de la ciudad marroquí de Fez no es el único, pasa en otras ciudades de todo el mundo, como es el caso de la ciudad española de Granada, en parte hermanada históricamente por su pasado, también por las personas que la habitaron, descendientes de esos granadinos expulsados a finales del siglo XV que en su mayoría viajaron a la ciudad de Fez. El análisis del medio fotográfico es el utilizado para la realización de este trabajo, fundamentado en la primera mitad del siglo XX que coincide con el protectorado franco- español, época de primera modernización del país, por medio de las fotografías contenidas en las tarjetas postales que ayudaran a comprender parte de esa reconstrucción mítica, donde la mirada externa tiende a crear realidades imaginadas, o imaginarias, sobre la identidad de un pueblo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Kahler immersions of the disc into polydiscs

We give a concrete example of non totally geodesic Kahler immersion of a disc into a polydis

Can anyone be damaged by a creative work? Thoughts inspired by a judgement of the Spanish Constitutional Court"

Damages caused to fundamental rights like honor, privacy and self-image by the exercise of public freedoms of expression or information are very usual. More unusual are the damages to these rights as a result of the exercise of freedom or creation. We want to research about this problem. We want to exemplify with the case resolved by the Judgement of the Spanish Costitutional Court 5172008, April 14, the first about this problem in Spain.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Universidad de Málaga (solicitaré bolsa de viaje